Praudh Shiksha Vistar Sewayein प्रौढ़ शिक्षा विस्तार सेवायें

Eradication of illiteracy from a nation that is set to become the most populated in the world is by no meanseasy. This was realised in the eighties and the National Literacy Mission came into being to impart a newsense of urgency and seriousness to adult education.

As we set foot in to the new millennium, it gives us the opportunity to reflect upon the efforts we have been making and also to learn from our failures so that we canachieve our target of a sustainable, threshold level of literacy. It is time to assess ongoing programmes and seek new horizons.It is in this context that the Union Cabinet took some momentous decisions in its meeting held on 30th November1999.Thesedecisions, which will have far reaching consequences, have greatly strengthened the mission and given to it a new orientation as well as a resurgent spirit.

Integrated Approach

The Government has decided that an integrated approach to literacy would be followednow. This means, the Total literacy Campaigns and the Post Literacy Programme will now operate under one literacy Project.This approach would enable the enormous illiteracy problem to be tackled in a holistic manner. By treating the imparting of functional literacy as a continuum rather than as a one off benefit for the illiterateperson, progress of literacy efforts would be made goal -directed. Literacy campaigns would continue to run in those areas where there are large pools ofresidual illiteracy. At the same time, for those who have crossed the basic learningphase, programmes of consolidation, remediation, vocational skills, integrationwith life skills and such other aspects would be considered the basic unit.

In effect, the task of making a person actually literate in a sustainableand meaningful way can be said to have been modesty discharged only after the Post Literacy Campaigns actually constitute two operational stages on the learning continuum and now under the same scheme will operate in smoothprogression, drawing there financial sustenance from one single and same budgetary provision.

It is proposed that a district, while submitting theirinitial project, would also submit their strategy for Post Literacy on the basis of there anticipated target andprojections of achievements. The per learner financial norms of Total Literacy Campaigns and Post Literacy Campaigns would be the same as approved by the Expenditure FinanceCommittee. The structures and strategies would also remain unaltered providing closer linkages.

The integrated proposal seeks to effectively bring the activities of literacy campaigns underone 'Literacy Project' to achieve continuity, efficiency and convergenceand to minimise unnecessary time lag between the two.

The existing funding pattern of literacy campaigns is proposed to becontinued. The funding ratio between Centre and State Government for normal districts is 2:1,whereas for districts under Tribal Sub-Plan the ratio is 4:1.The per learner cost for a Total Literacy Campaigns will now be in the range of Rs90-180, whereas it will be between Rs.90-130 for post literacy programme.

In many cases for reasons such as natural calamities, absence of politicalwill, frequent transfer of collectors, etc., a number of campaigns have stagnated .Therestoration of such project would be continued as was approved by the cabinet in 1994. For thispurpose, an additionality of 40-50% on the original project cost, will be admissible.

The revised parameters of the scheme, in brief,are as follows:

ITEMS	EARLIER PARAMETERS	PRESENT PARAMETERS
Name	Special project for Eradication of illiteracy	Literacy Campaigns& Operation Restoration
Per learner cost	TLC-Rs.65/- upwards PLP-Rs.45/- upwards	TLC-Rs.90-180 PLP-Rs.90-130
Duration of PLP	Two years	One years
Rural Functional Literacy Project	separate scheme	Subsumed with Literacy Campaigns & Operation Restoration
Sanction procedure for TLC/PLP projects	TLC/PLP projects sanctioned separately. PLP follow TLC. Activities of basic Literacy Continue upto PL stage.	TLC/PLP to be sanctioned simultaneously. Basic Literacy activities to continue during Continuing Education phase also.

Continuing Education The structure of the continuing education programme, launched in 1995 as a fully funded centrally-sponsoredscheme, will be retained and further strengthened and expanded in scope andcontent. A continuing education centre will be set up for a population of 2,000-2,500 so that it caters to theneed of atleast 500-1000 neo-literates. A nodal continuing education will be set up for a cluster of 10-15 continuing education centers. The function of imparting basic literacy and transaction of literacy primers would be continued in the continuing educationphase. The activity of teaching-learning for basic literacy would be available not only dropouts and left-outs but also to newilliterate entrants in the age group 15-35. The scheme will continue to be implemented by the Zilla Saksharta Samiti headed by the Collector. However, the Zilla Saksharta Samiti may also be headed by a democratically elected chairman of the Zilla Parishad in states where a full-fledged Panchayati Raj system has been established. The implementing agencies-voluntary agencies,Mahila Mandals, Panchayati Raj institutions, Nehru Yuvak Kendras, etc., for continuing education centres or nodal continuing education centres will be identified by theZSS. The scheme also envisages convergence with the programmes of Nehru Yuvak Kendras, National Service Scheme, National Service Volunteer scheme, etc., at the grassroots level. The infrastructure of these institutions will, as far as possible, be utilized to facilitate the functioning of the scheme. Revised parameters of the Continuing Education Scheme.

ITEMS	EARLIER PARAMETERS	PRESENT PARAMETERS
Financial pattern CECs	Rs.10,000/- each for recurring and non-recurring	Rs.25,000/- each for recurring and non-recurring. In addition,Rs.12,000/-per annum per hired building for housing CECs where no public building is available
Nodal CECs	Rs.20,000/-each for recurring and non-recurring	Rs.45,000/- each for recurring and non-recurring. In addition, Rs 24,000/-per annum per hired building for housing NCECs where no public building is available.
Honorarium for prerak	One prerak each for CEC/ NCECs(Rs.300pm for CECs and Rs.700pm for NCECS)	One prerak and one assistant prerak each CCEC/NCECs(Rs.700 pm for prerak and Rs.500 p.m. for assistant prerak for CECs) and (Rs 1200 p.m. for prerak andRs.700pm for assistant prerak for NCECs)
Concept of composite project	Not existing	Involvement of Zilla Saksharta Samitis and NGOs in running centres
Provision of computer	Not existing	One computers in each district allowed
Recurring grant to SLMAs	Not existing	Recurring grant of Rs.12.50 lakh,Rs.10 lakh and Rs 7.50 lakh per annum for A, B & c grade SLMAS, respectively
Provision for resource support by National Open	Not existing	Rs.1.10 crore per annum to NOS
sharing of experiences with other countries	Not existing	Rs.25 lakh per year

Decentralisation of Administrative and FinancialPowers State Literacy Mission Authorities The present approach is towards decentralization of financial and administrative powers to the State Literacy Mission Authorities (SLMAs). The SLMAs - state level registered societies will have a 2 layer structure viz. Governing Council and Executive Council. The State Directorate of Adult Education will serve as Secretariat. The guidelines regarding the delegation of powers to the State Literacy Missions have already been issued, and some projects for continuing education have already been sanctioned by them.22 States/UTs have set up SLMAs so far. SUPPORT TO NGOs Innovative projects in respect of all-India level NGOs will be considered by the grants-in-aid committee at the national level. They will be provided assistance for taking up continuing education programmes in addition to innovative programmes in all part of the country. Existing State Resources Centers will be strengthened and their annual maintenance grants suitably enhanced. Independent district resource units will now be subsumed in the State ResourceCentres. Revised Parameters of the NGO's and State Resource Centres

ITEMS	EARLIER PARAMETERS	PRESENT PARAMETERS
Name	Scheme of Assistance to VAs	NGOs in the field of education
Classification	Three categories (A, B & C)	Two categories (A&B)
Financial pattern Annual maintenance	Category A-Rs.30 lakh per annum Category B-Rs.25 lakh per annum Category C-Rs.10 lakh per annum	Category A-Rs.60 lakh per annum Category B-Rs.40 lakh per annum
One-time grant	Not existing	Category A-Rs.50 lakh Category B-Rs.40 lakh
Opening of State Resource Centers	As and when required	1999-2000 3 2000-2001 3 2001-2002 4
Sanctioning of VA Projects	Proposal considered by central grant-in-aid committee	Proposals of regional/local NGOs to be considered by respective SLMAs.

अनुवांशिकी किससे सम्बन्धित है ? कौन - सा राज्य सबसे अधिक प्रतिनिधि लोकसभा में भेजता हे - गूगल का आविष्कार किसने किया भारतीय संविधान में तीनों सूचियों से सम्बन्धित व्यवस्था निम्नलिखित में से कहां से ली गई है - कीटों में कितनी जोड़ी टांगे होती है ? ग्रीनविच लंदन से समय क्यों लिया गया है सार्वजनिक उपक्रम समिति in english देवदास रियल स्टोरी क्योकि - did not match any documents. राज्य सरकार ने 1991 में क्षेत्रफल की दृष्टि से राजस्थान का सबसे बड़ा संभाग कौनसा है - जनसंख्या का अध्ययन कहलाता है? 25 जुलाई, 1857 को दानापुर के विद्रोही सैनिक ने किसे अपना नेता घोषित किया था ? आकाशवाणी माहिती महिलाओं के सामाजिक अधिकार थार मरुस्थल कहाँ है मुख्य निर्वाचन आयुक्त की अवधि की पदावधि होती है - अपवर्तन का प्रथम नियम ग्रीष्म काल में राजस्थान में कम वायुदाब का क्षेत्र बनता है - व्यक्तिगत विभिन्नता क्या है